package api

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/rand"
	"encoding/hex"
	"errors"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"runtime/debug"
)

// withRequestID assigns a request id (honoring a WELL-FORMED inbound X-Request-Id)
// and echoes it on the response and into the context for the error envelope.
//
// A caller-supplied id is honored for cross-service tracing, but only after
// validation: the id is echoed to the client, embedded in the error envelope, AND
// persisted verbatim into audit_logs.request_id, so an unvalidated one is an
// audit-integrity vector — an arbitrarily long value bloats the audit row and a
// stray control byte could smuggle a forged line into a log sink. A rejected id is
// replaced with a fresh server-minted one: that one request loses its inbound trace
// link, which is strictly better than storing attacker-controlled text.
func withRequestID(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		id := r.Header.Get("X-Request-Id")
		if !validRequestID(id) {
			id = newRequestID()
		}
		w.Header().Set("X-Request-Id", id)
		ctx := context.WithValue(r.Context(), ctxKeyRequestID, id)
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r.WithContext(ctx))
	})
}

// maxRequestIDLen caps an inbound X-Request-Id we are willing to echo and persist.
// 64 characters comfortably fits a UUID or a typical distributed-trace id while
// bounding what reaches audit_logs.request_id.
const maxRequestIDLen = 64

// validRequestID reports whether an inbound X-Request-Id is safe to echo and store:
// non-empty, within maxRequestIDLen, and restricted to an unambiguous, log-safe
// charset (ASCII alphanumerics plus '-', '_', '.'). The byte-length check bounds it
// regardless of encoding, and the charset excludes whitespace, CR/LF, and every
// other control or multibyte rune, so nothing that survives can pollute a log line
// or the audit row.
func validRequestID(id string) bool {
	if id == "" || len(id) > maxRequestIDLen {
		return false
	}
	for _, c := range id {
		switch {
		case c >= 'a' && c <= 'z', c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z', c >= '0' && c <= '9':
		case c == '-', c == '_', c == '.':
		default:
			return false
		}
	}
	return true
}

// withRecover turns a panicking handler into a 500 envelope instead of a
// dropped connection.
//
// The client gets an opaque "internal error", but the panic value and stack are
// logged FIRST, keyed by the same request_id — the same contract writeError keeps
// for unmapped errors (see errors.go). Without it a recovered panic is an
// untraceable 500: an operator holding "internal error" has nothing to grep for,
// and diagnosis degrades into guessing against a live install.
func withRecover(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		defer func() {
			if rec := recover(); rec != nil {
				log.Printf("api: %s %s: panic (request_id=%s): %v\n%s",
					r.Method, r.URL.Path, requestIDFromContext(r.Context()), rec, debug.Stack())
				writeError(w, r, newError(http.StatusInternalServerError, "panic", "internal error"))
			}
		}()
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

// requireInternal enforces service-token auth for the internal face. It never
// applies Zero Trust (spec §14 red line).
func (a *API) requireInternal(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		if err := a.Internal.Authenticate(r); err != nil {
			writeError(w, r, errUnauthorized)
			return
		}
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

// requireExternal enforces Access-JWT auth for the external face and stashes the
// resolved Principal in the request context.
func (a *API) requireExternal(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		p, err := a.External.Authenticate(r)
		if errors.Is(err, errAuthBackend) {
			// Session store unreachable — an outage, not a missing credential.
			writeError(w, r, errAuthUnavailable)
			return
		}
		if err != nil || p == nil {
			writeError(w, r, errUnauthorized)
			return
		}
		// op.console door gate: the operator console is staff-only, so a request that
		// arrives on the admin host from a non-admin principal is refused HERE, before
		// any handler. Authentication alone (a player's passkey/email/bind session) is
		// not access — internal permission is verified on top of it, so possessing a
		// valid credential never "lets you in" to op.console. On the player console
		// (console.<root_domain>) hostIsAdminConsole is false, so this is inert; in
		// production Cloudflare Access already blocks non-staff at the edge and this is
		// the defense-in-depth backstop for the passwordless (no-Zero-Trust) face.
		if hostIsAdminConsole(r, a.RootDomain, a.AdminHostname) && !p.IsAdmin() {
			writeError(w, r, errForbidden)
			return
		}
		ctx := context.WithValue(r.Context(), ctxKeyPrincipal, p)
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r.WithContext(ctx))
	})
}

// adminOnly gates an external-face handler on the admin Zero-Trust path. The
// Access middleware has already authenticated; this enforces that admin-tier
// operations both carry a staff role (admin or owner) AND arrived via admin.*
// (spec §14).
func (a *API) adminOnly(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		if p := principalFromContext(r.Context()); !p.IsAdmin() {
			writeError(w, r, errForbidden)
			return
		}
		next(w, r)
	}
}

// ownerOnly gates a handler on the owner role — the single platform-level
// identity above admin. It is stricter than adminOnly: a plain admin with
// role=admin and valid admin Access path is still refused here. The owner
// arrives through the same admin Zero-Trust path, so adminOnly is not a
// prerequisite (the two guards are orthogonal).
func (a *API) ownerOnly(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		if p := principalFromContext(r.Context()); !p.IsOwner() {
			writeError(w, r, errForbidden)
			return
		}
		next(w, r)
	}
}

// newRequestID returns a short random hex id. crypto/rand never fails on the
// platforms we target; on the impossible error path we fall back to a constant
// so a request still gets a (non-unique) id rather than crashing.
func newRequestID() string {
	var b [8]byte
	if _, err := rand.Read(b[:]); err != nil {
		return "req-unknown"
	}
	return hex.EncodeToString(b[:])
}